Thomas Pakenham, 5th Earl of Longford

Brigadier-General The Right Honourable
The Earl of Longford
KP, MVO
Brigadier-General The Right Honourable The Earl of Longford KP, MVO
	The 5th Earl of Longford.
Personal details
Born	19 October 1864; Dublin, Ireland
Died	21 August 1915 (aged 50); Scimitar Hill, Gallipoli, Ottoman Empire
Cause of death	Killed in action
Resting place	Special memorial in Green Hill Cemetery, Suvla
Spouse	Lady Mary Child-Villiers (m. 1899)
Children	Edward Pakenham, 6th Earl of Longford; Lady Pansy Lamb; Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford; Lady Mary Clive; Lady Violet Pakenham; Lady Julia Mount;
Parents	William Pakenham, 4th Earl of Longford; Hon. Selina Rice-Trevor;
Alma mater	Winchester College
Occupation	Peer, soldier
Military service
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Branch/service	British Army
Unit	2nd Life Guards; Imperial Yeomanry 45th Dublin Company;
Commands	Imperial Yeomanry 29th Battalion; 2nd South Midland Mounted Brigade
Battles/wars	Second Boer War; World War I Gallipoli campaign Battle of Sari Bair; Battle of Scimitar Hill (DOW); ;

Brigadier-General Thomas Pakenham, 5th Earl of Longford, KP, MVO (19 October 1864 – 21 August 1915), known as Lord Silchester until 1887, was an Irish peer and soldier.

Biography

Background and early life

Born in Dublin, Longford was the eldest son of William Pakenham, 4th Earl of Longford, and his wife, the Hon. Selina, daughter of George Rice-Trevor, 4th Baron Dynevor,^[1] and succeeded in the earldom on his father's death in 1887. Educated at Winchester College,^[2] he served in the 2nd Life Guards, into which he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in February 1887,^[3] achieving the rank of colonel, and also held the honorary post of Lord-Lieutenant of County Longford from 1887 to 1915. In 1901 he was made a Knight of the Order of St Patrick.

Second Boer War

Following the outbreak of the Second Boer War in late 1899, Lord Longford was instrumental in forming a company of volunteers from the Irish Hunt for the Imperial Yeomanry, serving in South Africa.^[4] He was formally seconded for service with the Imperial Yeomanry and appointed a captain of the 45th (Dublin) Company on 3 February 1900.^[5]^[6] The company left for South Africa in the middle of March 1900,^[7] and on arrival was attached to the 13th Battalion, Imperial Yeomanry. He was wounded and returned home the following year. In January 1902 he was again seconded for service with the Imperial Yeomanry.^[8]

He was appointed in command of the 29th Battalion (composed primarily of officers and men from the Irish Horse), with the temporary rank of Lieutenant-colonel^[9] (antedated to 1 January 1902^[10]), and left Ireland for South Africa in May 1902. As the senior officer, he was in command of almost 1,150 officers and men on board the transport ship Bavarian for the journey.^[11] They arrived in South Africa after the end of hostilities, as the Peace of Vereeniging was signed on 31 May, and returned home only four months later, leaving Cape Town on the SS Dilwara which arrived at Southampton in late October.^[12] Lord Longford relinquished command of the 29th battalion on their return.^[13]

In Dublin, he was a member of the Kildare Street Club.^[14]

World War I and death

During World War I, Lord Longford commanded the 2nd South Midland Mounted Brigade of the 2nd Mounted Division, a yeomanry formation, with the rank of Brigadier-General. The Division was initially based in Egypt but was sent dismounted to Suvla on the Gallipoli peninsula as reinforcements during the Battle of Sari Bair. On 21 August 1915 the Division was in reserve for the final attack on Scimitar Hill. When the initial attack by the 29th Division failed, the yeomanry were ordered to advance in the open across a dry salt lake. Raked by shrapnel fire, most of the brigades halted in the shelter of Green Hill but Longford led his brigade in a charge which captured the summit of the hill. As he continued to advance, he was killed. His last words before his death were, reputedly, "Don't bother ducking, the men don't like it and it doesn't do any good…"

Longford's body was never recovered as the British made no further advances before the evacuation of Suvla on 20 December. His grave is marked as a special memorial in Green Hill Cemetery at Suvla.

Family

Lord Longford married Lady Mary Julia Child-Villiers, daughter of Victor Child-Villiers, 7th Earl of Jersey, in 1899. They had two sons and four daughters. He was succeeded in the earldom by his elder son, Edward. His second son, Frank, later succeeded his elder brother and became a prominent Labour politician. Longford's daughters were Lady Violet Pakenham, a writer and critic and the wife of the noted novelist Anthony Powell; Lady Mary Clive, author of Christmas at the Savages and other novels; Lady Pansy Lamb, novelist, biographer, and wife of the painter Henry Lamb; and Lady Julia Mount, mother of Sir Ferdinand Mount. The Countess of Longford died in November 1933, aged 56.

Notes

^ Debrett's Illustrated Peerage and Titles of Courtesy of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Dean & Son, 1869, p. 279
^ 1881 England Census; Class: RG11; Piece: 1233; Folio: 36; Page: 31; GSU roll: 1341301
^ "No. 25670". The London Gazette. 4 February 1887. p. 598.
^ "The War – The Duke of Connaught and the Irish Yeomanry". The Times. No. 36060. London. 8 February 1900. p. 10.
^ "No. 27165". The London Gazette. 16 February 1900. p. 1076.
^ "No. 27160". The London Gazette. 2 February 1900. p. 691.
^ "The War – Embarcation of Troops". The Times. No. 36089. London. 14 March 1900. p. 7.
^ "No. 27399". The London Gazette. 21 January 1902. p. 451.
^ "No. 27399". The London Gazette. 21 January 1902. p. 452.
^ "No. 27415". The London Gazette. 11 March 1902. p. 1730.
^ "The War – The Reinforcements". The Times. No. 36765. London. 12 May 1902. p. 10.
^ "The Army in South Africa – Troops returning Home". The Times. No. 36892. London. 7 October 1902. p. 8.
^ "No. 27504". The London Gazette. 16 December 1902. p. 8680.
^ Thomas Hay Sweet Escott, Club Makers and Club Members (1913), pp. 329–333

References

Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990, ^{[page needed]}
Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages ^{[self-published source]} ^{[better source needed]}
Lundy, Darryl. "FAQ". The Peerage.^{[unreliable source]}

Honorary titles
Preceded by The Earl of Longford	Lord Lieutenant of Longford 1887–1915	Vacant Title next held by The Earl of Granard
Peerage of Ireland
Preceded by William Lygon Pakenham	Earl of Longford 1887–1915	Succeeded by Edward Arthur Henry Pakenham

[1] Debrett's Illustrated Peerage and Titles of Courtesy of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Dean & Son, 1869, p. 279

[2] 1881 England Census; Class: RG11; Piece: 1233; Folio: 36; Page: 31; GSU roll: 1341301

[3] "No. 25670". The London Gazette. 4 February 1887. p. 598.

[4] "The War – The Duke of Connaught and the Irish Yeomanry". The Times. No. 36060. London. 8 February 1900. p. 10.

[5] "No. 27165". The London Gazette. 16 February 1900. p. 1076.

[6] "No. 27160". The London Gazette. 2 February 1900. p. 691.

[7] "The War – Embarcation of Troops". The Times. No. 36089. London. 14 March 1900. p. 7.

[8] "No. 27399". The London Gazette. 21 January 1902. p. 451.

[9] "No. 27399". The London Gazette. 21 January 1902. p. 452.

[10] "No. 27415". The London Gazette. 11 March 1902. p. 1730.

[11] "The War – The Reinforcements". The Times. No. 36765. London. 12 May 1902. p. 10.

[12] "The Army in South Africa – Troops returning Home". The Times. No. 36892. London. 7 October 1902. p. 8.

[13] "No. 27504". The London Gazette. 16 December 1902. p. 8680.

[14] Thomas Hay Sweet Escott, Club Makers and Club Members (1913), pp. 329–333

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Authority control databases
International	VIAF
People	Commonwealth War Graves Commission